Wide tissue distribution with rapid elimination; no retention, including in melanin-containing tissues
“E4 and its metabolites were widely distributed in rat tissues after a single oral dose of [14C]-E4 and are rapidly eliminated with no evidence of retention in any organ or tissues, including melanin-containing tissues.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 35Source ↗
Modality-specific risk
Estrogen/progestin class effects, including cholestasis and hyperglycemia
“Adverse effects observed in the nonclinical chronic studies, including cholestasis and hyperglycemia, are known to be associated risks of CHCs.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 41Source ↗
Anti-drug antibodies: animals
Not stated in public reviews
Not reported in the public reviews. Reviewers summarise selectively, so this usually means it wasn't discussed publicly, not that it wasn't studied.
Anti-drug antibodies: patients
Not applicable: immunogenicity studies not performed or needed for this hormonal contraceptive
“Immunogenicity studies were not performed and not necessary for this hormonal contraceptive product.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 143Source ↗