Amondys 45
casimersen · DMD exon 45 (PMO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHO chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Kynamro: genotox, carcinogenicity and repro: done or skipped?
mipomersen · APOB (ASO)
Genotoxicity
Conducted; negative (Ames, mouse lymphoma, mouse micronucleus)
“Mipomersen sodium did not exhibit genotoxic potential in a battery of studies, including the in vitro Bacterial Reverse Mutation (Ames) assay, an in vitro cytogenetics assay using a mouse lymphoma cell line, and an in vivo micronucleus assay in mice.”
Carcinogenicity
2-year SC mouse and rat: hepatocellular adenomas (mouse), skin/subcutis fibrosarcoma/histiocytoma, hemangiosarcoma
“The Committee concluded that hepatocellular adenomas and combined hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas were drug-related in female mice administered 60 mg/kg/week mipomersen.”
Instead of carcinogenicity
Not stated in public reviews
Not reported in the public reviews. Reviewers summarise selectively, so this usually means it wasn't discussed publicly, not that it wasn't studied.
Instead of genotoxicity
Not stated in public reviews
Not reported in the public reviews. Reviewers summarise selectively, so this usually means it wasn't discussed publicly, not that it wasn't studied.
DRG histopathology
Not stated in public reviews
Not reported in the public reviews. Reviewers summarise selectively, so this usually means it wasn't discussed publicly, not that it wasn't studied.
Reproductive & developmental
Mouse fertility/EFD and rabbit EFD (not teratogenic); rat PPND pup effects; juvenile rat study
“Mipomersen was not teratogenic in mice or rabbits at doses providing modest margins of exposure (2 to 5 times) compared to humans.”
Safety pharmacology
hERG, mouse respiratory and Irwin studies; CV telemetry within 13-week monkey tox study
“Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and EKG were evaluated by telemetry in monkeys after single and repeat doses of 3 to 35 mg/kg/wk for 13 weeks (Study AS02).”
Genotox: Ames
Negative
“Mipomersen sodium did not exhibit genotoxic potential in a battery of studies, including the in vitro Bacterial Reverse Mutation (Ames) assay, an in vitro cytogenetics assay using a mouse lymphoma cell line, and an in vivo micronucleus assay in mice.”
Genotox: in vitro mammalian
Mouse lymphoma cytogenetics assay: negative
“Mipomersen sodium did not exhibit genotoxic potential in a battery of studies, including the in vitro Bacterial Reverse Mutation (Ames) assay, an in vitro cytogenetics assay using a mouse lymphoma cell line, and an in vivo micronucleus assay in mice.”
Genotox: in vivo
Mouse micronucleus: negative
“Mipomersen sodium did not exhibit genotoxic potential in a battery of studies, including the in vitro Bacterial Reverse Mutation (Ames) assay, an in vitro cytogenetics assay using a mouse lymphoma cell line, and an in vivo micronucleus assay in mice.”
Carcinogenicity model
2-year mouse and rat (mipomersen plus species-specific surrogate)
“2-year carcinogenicity studies were conducted in both the mouse and the rat with mipomersen and the relevant species-specific surrogate.”
Carcinogenicity timing
2-year rat and mouse studies completed before the marketing application and found adequate by ECAC
“Two year carcinogenicity studies of mipomersen were conducted in rats and mice. The Executive Carcinogenicity Assessment Committee found the studies adequate.”
hERG / QT
Negative in hERG assay
“Conclusion was mipomersen was negative in hERG assay.”
Same question, other oligonucleotides
Amvuttra
vutrisiran · TTR (siRNA)Conducted: Ames, human lymphocyte chromosome aberration, rat micronucleus; all negative
Dawnzera
donidalorsen · Prekallikrein / KLKB1 (ASO)Conducted: in vitro Ames, CHL chromosomal aberration and in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus; no genotoxicity
Defitelio
defibrotide · Fragmented DNA oligonucleotidesNegative: Ames assay and in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay
Exondys 51
eteplirsen · DMD exon 51 (PMO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHO chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Givlaari
givosiran · ALAS1 (siRNA)Conducted: Ames, human lymphocyte chromosome aberration, rat micronucleus; all negative
Hibsago
bepirovirsen · HBV RNA (ASO)Conducted; negative (Ames, mammalian cell chromosomal aberration, in vivo mouse micronucleus)
Izervay
avacincaptad pegol · C5 (aptamer)Conducted: Ames, chromosomal aberration in mammalian cells, mouse micronucleus; all negative
Leqvio
inclisiran · PCSK9 (siRNA)Conducted: standard panel, negative
Macugen
pegaptanib · VEGF-165 (aptamer)Conducted (GLP); pegaptanib and 2'-FU/2'-FC nucleosides negative overall
Onpattro
patisiran · TTR (siRNA)Conducted: Ames, human lymphocyte chromosome aberration, mouse micronucleus; all negative
Oxlumo
lumasiran · HAO1 (siRNA)Conducted: Ames, human lymphocyte chromosome aberration, rat micronucleus; all negative
Qalsody
tofersen · SOD1 (ASO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHL chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Qfitlia
fitusiran · Antithrombin / SERPINC1 (siRNA)Conducted: bacterial reverse mutation, in vitro chromosomal aberration (human lymphocytes), rat bone-marrow micronucleus; all negative
Redemplo
plozasiran · APOC3 (siRNA)Conducted: Ames, in vitro chromosomal aberration (TK6), in vivo mouse micronucleus; not genotoxic
Rivfloza
nedosiran · LDHA (siRNA)Conducted; negative (Ames, in vitro micronucleus, in vivo mouse micronucleus)
Rytelo
imetelstat · Telomerase (oligo)Conducted; negative (Ames, in vitro micronucleus, in vivo mouse micronucleus)
Spinraza
nusinersen · SMN2 (ASO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHO chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Tegsedi
inotersen · TTR (ASO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHL chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Tryngolza
olezarsen · APOC3 (ASO)Conducted; negative (Ames, chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Viltepso
viltolarsen · DMD exon 53 (PMO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHL chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Vitravene
fomivirsen · CMV IE2 mRNA (ASO)Conducted: mutagenic potential evaluated in in vitro and in vivo assays
Vyondys 53
golodirsen · DMD exon 53 (PMO)Conducted; negative (Ames, CHO chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Wainua
eplontersen · TTR (ASO)Conducted; negative (Ames, chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus)
Waylivra
volanesorsen · APOC3 (ASO)Conducted: bacterial reverse mutation, mouse lymphoma TK, mouse bone-marrow micronucleus; all negative
Zanvastro
zilganersen · GFAP (ASO)Conducted: Ames, in vitro chromosomal aberration, mouse micronucleus; all negative