Abecma
idecabtagene vicleucel · BCMA CAR-TNot conducted (traditional); insertion site analysis of 20 clinical lots
Provenge: genotox, carcinogenicity and repro: done or skipped?
sipuleucel-T · PAP-GM-CSF (autologous APC)
Genotoxicity
Not conducted (autologous nature of product)
“Toxicology studies, as described in the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Safety (‘S’) guidelines”
Carcinogenicity
Not conducted (autologous nature of product)
“No genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies were provided”
Instead of carcinogenicity
Not stated in public reviews
Not reported in the public reviews. Reviewers summarise selectively, so this usually means it wasn't discussed publicly, not that it wasn't studied.
Instead of genotoxicity
Not applicable: cells not genetically modified
“Toxicology studies, as described in the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Safety (‘S’) guidelines”
DRG histopathology
Not stated in public reviews
Not reported in the public reviews. Reviewers summarise selectively, so this usually means it wasn't discussed publicly, not that it wasn't studied.
Reproductive & developmental
Not conducted
“No genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies were provided”
Safety pharmacology
Not conducted as ICH battery; safety observations collected in pharmacodynamic rat and mouse studies
“The general battery of safety pharmacology studies as outlined in the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines were not submitted by the applicant.”
Genotox: Ames
Not conducted
“No genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies were provided”
Genotox: in vitro mammalian
Not conducted
“No genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies were provided”
Genotox: in vivo
Not conducted
“No genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies were provided”
Carcinogenicity model
Not conducted; no such effects expected given the nature of sipuleucel-T
“The absence of genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies was considered acceptable taking into account the nature of sipuleucel-T. No such effects are expected to be associated with Provenge.”
Carcinogenicity timing
Not required: absence of carcinogenicity studies accepted given the nature of sipuleucel-T
“The absence of genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies was considered acceptable taking into account the nature of sipuleucel-T.”
hERG / QT
Not conducted (no conventional safety pharmacology studies)
“Conventional safety pharmacology studies were not submitted by the applicant.”
Same question, other cell therapies
Alofisel
darvadstrocel · Allogeneic adipose MSCNot conducted; cell-based product does not interact with DNA
Amtagvi
lifileucel · TIL therapyNot conducted (not warranted given product characteristics and biological activity)
Aucatzyl
obecabtagene autoleucel · CD19 CAR-TNot conducted (third-generation SIN lentiviral vector, release criterion, long-term clinical monitoring for insertional mutagenesis)
Breyanzi
lisocabtagene maraleucel · CD19 CAR-TNot conducted (traditional); lentiviral integration site mapping instead
Carvykti
ciltacabtagene autoleucel · BCMA CAR-TNot conducted (classical); lentiviral integration site analysis instead
ChondroCelect
characterised viable autologous cartilage cells · Autologous chondrocytesNot conducted (per cell-based product guideline)
Ebvallo
tabelecleucel · EBV-specific allogeneic T cellsNot conducted (ICH S6(R1)); non-genetically engineered cells
Encelto
revakinagene taroretcel · CNTF (encapsulated RPE cell implant)Done: ISO-10993 battery (bacterial, mammalian cell, mouse micronucleus on device extracts), negative
Gintuit
allogeneic cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts in bovine collagen · Allogeneic keratinocytes + fibroblastsNot conducted (nature of product and clinical experience)
Holoclar
autologous corneal epithelial cells containing limbal stem cells · Autologous limbal stem cellsNot conducted (classical); in vitro karyotype analysis of cells
Kymriah
tisagenlecleucel · CD19 CAR-TNot conducted (classical); lentiviral integration site analysis on 14 donor products
Lantidra
donislecel · Allogeneic pancreatic isletsNot conducted
Laviv
azficel-T · Autologous fibroblastsNot conducted (autologous nature, prior human experience)
MACI
autologous cultured chondrocytes on porcine collagen membrane · Autologous chondrocytesNot conducted on cells; four studies on collagen membrane were non-mutagenic
Omisirge
omidubicel · Expanded cord blood HPCNo standard genotox; cytogenetic/karyotype analyses of CF and NF showed no clonal aneuploidy
Rethymic
allogeneic processed thymus tissue · Allogeneic thymus tissueNot conducted
Ryoncil
remestemcel-L · Allogeneic BM-MSCNot conducted (not warranted)
Spherox
spheroids of autologous matrix-associated chondrocytes · Autologous chondrocyte spheroidsNot conducted (per cell-based product guideline)
StrataGraft
allogeneic cultured keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in murine collagen · Allogeneic keratinocytes + fibroblastsNot conducted
Tecartus
brexucabtagene autoleucel · CD19 CAR-TNot conducted (traditional); vector integration site analysis performed instead
Tecelra
afamitresgene autoleucel · MAGE-A4 TCR-TNot conducted (no test models or relevant species); integration site analysis showed polyclonal products, no selective insertion
Tregzi
allogeneic Treg immunotherapy with HSPC and T cells (Orca-T) · Allogeneic Treg + HSPC + TconNot conducted
Yescarta
axicabtagene ciloleucel · CD19 CAR-TNot conducted; literature review of retroviral-transduced T-cell transformation risk instead
Zalmoxis
allogeneic T cells modified with HSV-TK / dLNGFR (nalotimagene carmaleucel) · HSV-TK suicide-gene T cellsNot conducted; in vitro retroviral integration site analysis instead
Zemcelpro
dorocubicel · UM171-expanded cord blood CD34+Done for residual UM171 only (Ames, CHO micronucleus negative) plus cytogenetics of treated cells; none for cells