Mouse (surrogate antibody) for repeat-dose and DART; single-dose chimpanzee study with teplizumab
“As teplizumab was shown to only cross-react with CD3+ T cells from humans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and gibbons, minimal nonclinical investigations were conducted with teplizumab itself.”
✓ VerifiedFDA pharmacology/toxicology review, p. 7Source ↗
Why that species
Teplizumab binds CD3+ T cells only from humans, gorillas, chimpanzees and gibbons; no rodent activity, so a mouse surrogate was used
“As teplizumab was shown to only cross-react with CD3+ T cells from humans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and gibbons, minimal nonclinical investigations were conducted with teplizumab itself.”
✓ VerifiedFDA pharmacology/toxicology review, p. 7Source ↗
Surrogate molecule
Yes: anti-mouse CD3 epsilon surrogate mAb with same Fc modifications, used for mouse repeat-dose, fertility, EFD and PPND studies
“evaluation continued in mice with a surrogate antibody in a GLP 6 days repeat dose toxicology (RDT) study, male/female fertility and early embryonic (FEED) studies, embryonic development (EFD) and a pre-postnatal development (PPND) study.”
Mouse with surrogate antibody (male/female fertility, EFD, pre/postnatal)
“GLP-compliant reproductive studies were conducted with the surrogate antibody in mice and included separate fertility and early embryonic (FEED) studies in males and females, an embryo-fetal development (EFD) study and a prenatal and postnatal development (PPND) study.”
Not conducted; no toxicologically relevant species and surrogate immunogenicity made a mouse study unfeasible
“Due to the absence of toxicologically relevant species and the use of a surrogate leading to immunogenicity, a carcinogenicity study in mice would not be feasible.”
Yes: anti-mouse CD3ε surrogate for repeat-dose, fertility, EFD and PPND studies (and NOD efficacy)
“evaluation continued in mice with a surrogate antibody in a GLP 6 days repeat dose toxicology (RDT) study, male/female fertility and early embryonic (FEED) studies, embryonic development (EFD) and a pre-postnatal development (PPND) study.”