“In rats and dogs, oteseconazole exposure was less dose proportional and the drug accumulated up to 126-fold in dogs with repeated dosing over 39 weeks.”
The reviews list the species but not why. For small molecules, ICH M3(R2) expects one rodent and one non-rodent species, chosen with in vitro metabolism, protein binding and exposure data compared with human.
“In vitro metabolic and plasma protein binding data for animals and humans and systemic exposure data (ICH S3A, Ref. 7) in the species used for repeated-dose toxicity studies generally should be evaluated before initiating human clinical trials.”
✓ VerifiedICH 2009: ICH M3(R2): Guidance on Nonclinical Safety Studies for the Conduct…, p. 11Source ↗
“Dogs were dosed with oteseconazole for 39 weeks at 0.75, 1.5, 5.5 and 17 mg/kg, equivalent to between 1 and 26 times the MRHD based on AUC comparisons”
“In rats and dogs, oteseconazole exposure was less dose proportional and the drug accumulated up to 126-fold in dogs with repeated dosing over 39 weeks.”
Rat (fertility, EFD, pre/postnatal) and rabbit (EFD)
“Reproductive and developmental toxicology studies included fertility studies in male and female rats, embryo-fetal development studies in rats and rabbits, and four pre- and postnatal development studies in rats.”
Tg.rasH2 mouse (6-month) and Sprague Dawley rat (up to 90 weeks)
“There was no increase in the incidence of tumors following daily oral administration of oteseconazole to Tg.rasH2 mice for 6 months at doses of 5 mg/kg/day (males) and 15 mg/kg/day (females), which are up to 3 and 10 times, respectively, the maximum human exposure for RVVC based on AUC comparisons. In an oral carcinogenicity study, Sprague Dawley rats were administered doses of 0.5, 1.5, or 5 mg/kg/day oteseconazole once daily for up to 90 weeks.”
“Dogs were dosed with oteseconazole for 39 weeks at 0.75, 1.5, 5.5 and 17 mg/kg, equivalent to between 1 and 26 times the MRHD based on AUC comparisons”