SpeciesCriticised but acceptedBeyond the letter
Cynomolgus monkey used as non-rodent species for general toxicology without species justification
Why: Studies already completed in the monkey · Other reason
“While this is true, the use of Cynomolgus monkey should be reserved to situations where this species is the only relevant species.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 23Source ↗ “CHMP agreed however that since the studies had already been completed in the monkey, this would not be further pursued.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 23Source ↗ DARTAcceptedBeyond the letter
Mouse subcutaneous embryo-fetal study used instead of intravenous rabbit study
Why: Mouse is a well-characterised, relevant species for embryo-fetal studies · Other reason
“The Applicant decided to use an additional rodent model (CD-1 mouse) and subcutaneous administration instead of intravenously administered rabbits, because repeated-dosing with intravenous administration in mice is not feasible.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 23Source ↗ “Overall the justifications for the species use in the general toxicology and EFD studies is considered acceptable.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 23Source ↗ Safety marginVerdict not stated
3-month monkey NOAEL gives only 0.3-fold human AUC and 3-fold Cmax
“It should however be noted that the margins to clinical exposure from NOAEL (100mg/kg/day in the 3- month monkey study) is only 3-fold and 0.3-fold of the Cmax and AUC-values in humans respectively.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 27Source ↗ GLPAcceptedBeyond the letter
Toxicokinetic bioanalytical assays not run with GLP-validated methods
Why: High-quality standards of the bioanalytical methods · Other reason
“Even though the Guideline on bioanalytical method validation (EMEA/CHMP/EWP/192217/2009) states that all the bioassays should be conducted with GLP validated methods, CHMP agreed that the high-quality standards of the bioanalytical methods used here can be considered adequate for the non-clinical analyses.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 21Source ↗ Safety pharmacologyCriticised but acceptedBeyond the letter
Secondary pharmacology screen run at a low concentration despite convulsions in rat repeat-dose studies
Why: No secondary targets identified in the screen; clinical safety profile to date · Human data · Weight of evidence
“However, this statement was not fully supported by CHMP, considering the low concentration tested and the applicant was asked to justify the concentration of cefiderocol used for the secondary pharmacology screen, also in the context of the convulsions seen in the repeat dose toxicity studies in rats.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 19Source ↗ “Whilst using a higher concentration of the drug in the secondary pharmacology screen would seem to have been more appropriate, taking into account the absence of secondary pharmacology targets identified in the already conducted screen and the clinical safety profile to date, CHMP agreed that the issue did not need to be further pursued.”
✓ VerifiedEMA assessment report, p. 19Source ↗